Why are [Madison's] surbubs so heavily Democrat?
Probably because of the state employees who live in those suburbs. If you are a paid (or contributing) member of this site you should check out Maine's city/town map. Augusta is the city in Kennebec County on both sides of the Kennebec River. Most of the surrounding towns gave pluralities for Gore in 2000. Wisconsin is bigger than Maine and it's counties probably smaller, plus I get the sense Wisconsin has a large state bureaucracy (and there are likely many former state employees from the pre-Tommy Thompson era), so it's no surprise that Gore's capitol area edge would extend a few counties out.
Sincerely,
Kevin Lamoreau