it's what the phrase "do more harm than good" means....what else could it mean?
No it's not? You're not comparing it to a specific alternative, you're looking at it in a vacuum. "Does the good things that the criminal justice system do outweigh the bad it does".
The question was not "compare the pros and cons of keeping vs abolishing the US justice system and replacing it with nothing".
We're adding up the "harms" and the "goods", seeing which pile is bigger.
Yes, exactly! That doesn't require you to compare it to an imagined alternative, or a not replacing it at all.