World Population Likely to Shrink After Mid-Century...

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the big worry here is the idea of middle-income or even poor nations aging without accumulating wealth isn't without a lot of precedent. In places like Japan or Western Europe, a huge amount of pensioners is a social issue but not necessarily a catastrophic one; in countries like Iran or Malaysia or South Africa, you start getting a severe labour shortage and not enough financial base to sustain the care of the non-working elderly. And it's not like you can use the typical solution (i.e. more immigrants) because every country has a deficit of workers.