It's pretty simple and obvious as liberals oppose nationalism.
Not true. In many circumstances the leftists are associated with nationalism: ANC in South Africa, Gandhi in India, Sinn Fein in Ireland, Parti Quebecois in Quebec, etc.
I'm not sure. The majority of Israeli Jews are descendants of immigrants from Arab countries. Many of those Jews were forced out of their homes and had nowhere to go but the new state. So I'm not sure about that claim.
Given that there was a slight majority of Jews in the state carved out by the UN, I'd say yeah I would have supported it as a haven for Jews, but not necessarily as a Jewish state, as it was still 45% Arab at that point.
Most of the coastal and fertile land of the British territory was carved into the new Israel, while the mountainous, less fertile, and less accessible areas were carved into the new Arab state. Even from that moment the allocation of land was unfair, let alone the current "archipelago" in the West Bank. From this point onward there are, unfortunately, no good options forward:
a) wait until the Arab population becomes the majority of Israel and its occupied territories, by which time the concept of a Jewish homeland is defeated
b) create a two-tiered citizenship system giving the Arab population fewer rights, making the charges of Apartheid run true and inviting crippling sanctions which cause a massive brain drain, crippling the viability of the country
c) ethnically cleanse the region of Arabs, causing the above sanctions and brain drain to occur and potentially invite NATO intervention on the lines of Bosnia/Kosovo
Or:
d) two state solution on the 1967 boundaries, with a Hong Kong-style arrangement for Jerusalem, but the last Israeli PM serious about this was shot
e) turn into a single state of half-Arab, half-Jew; at best this will be beset with Belgian-style terminal squabbling; at worst this could become racked by civil strife like Lebanon