Black population in MS at each census
1900 58.5
1910 56.2
1920 52.2
1930 50.2
1940 49.2
1950 45.3
1960 42.0
1970 36.8
1980 35.2
1990 35.6
2000 36.3
2010 37.0
That's fascinating, memphis! Certainly was an exodus from that hellish place. Chicago and suchlike must've seemed like heaven.
Millions of blacks left the South in the Early to Mid 20th Century. It's known as the Great Migration. Everybody knows about the industrial/war jobs in the North and so on. What's often forgotten in the history is that the invention of the automatic cotton picking machine in the 1940s put many of these folks out of work completely. Millions found themselves destitute and with no marketable skill. Not so different than life in America today.
The population of the Delta was, of course, hit the hardest. The entire local economy revolved around cotton and the manual work it demanded. Take a look at the population of Issaquena County, an extreme case. In 1860, 92.5% of its population was enslaved, the highest of any county in the nation.
Year Pop % change1900 10,400 −15.6%
1910 10,560 1.5%
1920 7,618 −27.9%
1930 5,734 −24.7%
1940 6,433 12.2%
1950 4,966 −22.8%
1960 3,576 −28.0%
1970 2,737 −23.5%
1980 2,513 −8.2%
1990 1,909 −24.0%
2000 2,274 19.1
2010 1,406 -38.2