No, but it can appease swing voters and some leaners.
This is mainly applicable in parts of the West where violence has been limited in the past 50 years, and there are competetive electoral systems. It basically means seperatist or regionalist parties maintain their goal of self-determination but manage to attract other voters based on their economic program and saying that the devolution of power would have a profound economic effect. As a result people vote for these parties without truly wishing full independence, and once concessions are made by state-wide parties towards the demands of these parties, then the swing voters are inclined to support the state-wide party again.
I'm not so sure this applies to parts of the Middle East and Africa where the state-building process is still going.
Here's a scholarly article on the matter :
http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4145308.pdf
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