The Netherlands is not the only country in Europe that has a large agricultural sector and its also not the only country that is trying to meet climate change targets. Why is this BBB revolt by farmers such a uniquely Dutch phenomenon? Why do we not see similar parties popping up in Germany or Denmark or Belgium. I know those other countries have rightwing populist parties - but they tend to be focused on xenophobia and not fight against nitrogen reduction.
Low electoral threshold and at large lists, and less party financing than elsewhere.
Belgium has a high electoral threshold (and for local / regionalized lists), meaning you need to get proportionally higher percentage of votes in each region to get a seat. The financing for parties is much higher meaning it is harder to make a breakthrough.
Simply said, the system in the Netherlands is much more friendly for new parties to have an electoral breaktrough given the democracy is more direct.
The system can be called hyperproportional, for example the USA has 2 major parties but has virtually no proportional electoral process, but winner takes it all system (exc for presidential primaries).
This leads to a political culture where a vote for a different party isn't necessarily a wasted vote, meaning people are more open to vote for minor parties.
BBB had some visibility due to winning 1 seat last time in parliamentary elections. The person elected made good use of that seat in the nitrogen debate, meaning she got a lot of visibility for only having 1 seat, increasing name recognition etc.
