How did we go from nobody having heard of non-binary to 1.2 million so rapidly, exactly?
0.4% of the population with an identity that can easily be hidden (or not even understood by the person who had that identity until the words came about) is easy to imagine people missing or minimizing for centuries. 1 in 250 people.
Of course, populations far smaller than that have been recognized. Intersex people are about 0.02% of the population, or 1 in 5000, and their status is still valid even though it's vanishingly rare.