What if America had Reserved Representation in the House for Women and People of Color?

[WindowPhil]

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 in this timeline creates "Reservation Seats" to ensure that Minority Populations (defined as Women and People of Color) have equitable representation in congress. Which is upheld by the SCOTUS.

How it works in 2021:

79.8 percent of Congress is Non-Hispanic white when only 60% of the U.S population is. Meaning that an additional (79.8-60 =19 point eight) 86 congressional seats will be added to congress that are only represented by POC and voted on by POC (defined by the Census Bureau's definition as anyone with one drop of non-white or Hispanic ancestry).

72.6 percent of Congress is male, when only 50% of the U.S population is. Meaning that an additional (72.6-50) 98 congressional seats will be added to congress that are only represented by women and voted on by women (defined by the selective service's definition of being Assigned Female At Birth and having XX Chromosome).

Meaning that we have 619 total seats. 435 seats dictated by geography that all Americans vote for. 86 seats that are voted on and represented exclusively by People of Color. And 98 seats that are voted on and represented exclusively by women.

For example, if you are a white woman, you go to the ballot box and you can vote for your representative in the 435 geographic seats. You can also vote for what party you want the woman's seat to have in it. If you are a woman of color, you can vote for your geographic seat, along with the woman's seat, or the POC seat. Although women and people of color, if they choose to, don't have to vote for the geographic seat and can only vote for their eligible minority seat if they want to.

The minority seats are allocated by a party list and percentage of nationwide votes. There is no geographic basis to them. So if the party "Protect women's sports" won 1.0204% of the vote (which is exactly 1/98 of all votes), they would get one seat in the house of representatives chosen from a list that the party drafts. Voters wouldn't vote for a specific candidate, but a party.

How would America be different?

[S019]

This is a pretty interesting idea. One tweak I'd make is to have reserved representation for each individual ethnic group, rather than all minority groups, i.e. reserved seats for Asians, reserved seats for Hispanics, etc. My guess is this plays out similar to the Maori electorates in New Zealand, except I don't think a separate minority interests party emerges. Democrats would probably be overwhelmingly favored to win majorities in most of these electorates by the present day.

[True Federalist (진정한 연방 주의자)]

I see zero chance that this would be upheld by even a stark raving loony SCOTUS. Anything along these lines would have to be added by Constitutional amendment, probably beginning with an alternate history version of the 19th Amendment that set aside some guaranteed seats for women. (Zero chance of minority seats being part of an alternative history 15th Amendment, even in an alternate history in which Northern support for Reconstruction stays strong.)