A good example from British history would be the character of Fagin from
Oliver Twist. Dickens cribbed the character from a series of real life Jewish petty criminals of the time, and as he tended to do with all his characters he turned him into a caricature. Like, if you read Oliver Twist, Fagin is a truly awful guy - he isn't the rogue you might know from the Lionel Bart musical - and he is constantly identified as "the Jew" and so on. Anyway, Dickens got correspondence from Jewish friends alike that this was clear Anti-Semitism, and he immediately started to recant - because the novel was published in serial form, a modern reader will notice that the allusions to Fagin being a Jew and the more obviously anti-Semitic descriptions vanish midway through.
Eliza Davis, whose husband had purchased Dickens's home in 1860 when he had put it up for sale, wrote to Dickens in June 1863 urging that "Charles Dickens the large hearted, whose works please so eloquently and so nobly for the oppressed of his country ... has encouraged a vile prejudice against the despised Hebrew." Dickens responded that he had always spoken well of Jews and held no prejudice against them. Replying, Mrs. Davis asked Dickens to "examine more closely into the manners and character of the British Jews and to represent them as they really are."
His last complete work,
Our Mutual Friend in what he admitted was an attempt to redeem himself, has a ridiculously saintly Jewish figure, Mr Riah, who is a target of Anti-Semitism (i.e. the villain uses Riah's ethnicity to make him a scapegoat iirc). The fact that Dickens himself seemed to recognize the damage that Fagin had done (and he did real damage - not since Shylock has a British Jewish caricature metastasized in the public quite so noxiously) suggests he felt responsible in some way to the zeitgeist. Of course, this is partially because Dickens' whole schtick was empathy for the victims of society, so he presumably didn't want to be tarred as a total hypocrite.
