1791 Vermont, Cumberland and Georgia By-Elections
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Lumine
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« on: July 30, 2018, 06:57:57 PM »

1791 Vermont, Cumberland and Georgia By-Elections:


Four seats for the National Assembly up for grabs

1.- Turn: This by-election campaign lasts for the months of September and October 1791, the outcome being released on the first week of November. You will have exactly 48 hours to decide whether to stand and campaign for the various offices up for grabs, at which point the results will be announced - that means Wednesday night). Up for election are the Vermont and Cumberland seats to the National Assembly plus Governor and State Legislature, and the seat of Augusta in Georgia.
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Donerail
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« Reply #1 on: July 30, 2018, 06:59:40 PM »

The Western faction shall stand in all elections in the State of Cumberland.
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wxtransit
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« Reply #2 on: July 30, 2018, 07:00:27 PM »

The Democratic-Republican Party will stand in all elections for Vermont.
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DKrol
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« Reply #3 on: July 30, 2018, 07:05:22 PM »

The Tories will stand in Vermont.
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Galaxie
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« Reply #4 on: July 30, 2018, 07:13:10 PM »

The Hamiltonians shall stand in Georgia, Cumberland, and Vermont
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Huey Long is a Republican
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« Reply #5 on: July 30, 2018, 07:50:12 PM »

William Blount announces his Candidacy for Cumberland's District
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Unconditional Surrender Truman
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« Reply #6 on: July 30, 2018, 08:07:36 PM »

The Whigs will stand candidates for governor, legislature, and deputies to the National Assembly in Vermont.
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« Reply #7 on: July 30, 2018, 08:19:46 PM »

The Patriots will stand candidates in the by election for Augusta, the Governorship and state legislature of Cumberland, and confirm William Blount as our candidate for the Cumberland National Assembly by election
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wxtransit
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« Reply #8 on: July 30, 2018, 08:24:06 PM »

The Democratic-Republican Party will also stand candidates for the Cumberland Assembly, but not Governor or National Assembly.
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« Reply #9 on: July 31, 2018, 09:35:07 PM »

Throughout the campaign, William Blount made a point to visit as many citizens and meet with them as possible. He, being seen as a local hero, does not launch Negative attacks on his opponents and sticks to a policy of being in there for 6 terms before leaving and he has made it a point to campaign for Term Limits for the Government for a major part of his policies as a Congressman from Cumberland, stating that allowing a person to run until they're of old age, have done something truly awful, or died is something akin to a Monarchy, which isn't existent in America. He campaigns for a set number of terms to prevent that from happening. He also makes note to fight to allow the Direct Election of US Senators, as he believes that US Citizens, no matter the occupation or class, should be able to vote for someone representing their state and not the Elite. His third idea is a lowering of Taxes by 5%-10% to allow for the People to have more of their own cash so they could invest more into the economy, thus allowing true growth to happen. Finally, he offers a solution to the whole Slave State/Free State Issue by creating a border at 37° N where States made South of said Border are immediately Slave States while States North of Said Border can make a choice between either Free State or Slave State. His finally ends his campaign with meeting with voters and promising that he will fight for them and only the state itself.
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Boobs
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« Reply #10 on: August 01, 2018, 03:36:01 PM »

Radicals urge their supporters to unite behind the Whigs in Vermont.
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Unconditional Surrender Truman
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« Reply #11 on: August 01, 2018, 06:05:50 PM »

Whig Campaign, 1791 by-elections

The post that carried news of Vermont's admission to the Union also brought to the Whigs of the State the advise of their faction's leader, who urges that no effort be spared to secure the election of their ticket by a large majority in the forthcoming by-election. This directive is followed on the first of September by Adams himself, who in the ensuing four weeks traverses the length of the Green Mountains. Ostensibly, his visit is to see to some personal holdings in Vermont as well as some business with the governor in his capacity as Second Secretary; yet it also serves as an opportunity to encourage the activities of the local Whig organizations and to make his case to the public ahead of the vote. At each Bennington, Winchester, Castleton, and Middlebury he passes two or three days, meeting with tradesmen, editors, proprietors, and leading citizens—representatives of every class and trade likely to be decisive in the election and sympathetic to the Whig message. His meals he takes with friends and allies made on his previous visits to the state, and with other prominent men,  to whom he endeavors to make plain his views on trade, the debt, national finance, as well as the rights of the individual states and the role of the central government in promoting liberty. He emphasizes Whig support for the tariff and the Land Act, as measures likely to increase the fill of the nation's coffers, similar support for a stable currency, opposition to onerous taxation in all forms, and the government's efforts to resolve the controversy in Westsylvania with minimal bloodshed. He subtly rebukes the bill recently proposed in Philadelphia to establish a national bank, noting such an institution would be responsible only to its stockholders, and not to the states—or to the people. Above all, he seeks to present himself as a man of balance, desiring neither too much power for the central government, nor too little. Crossing the mountains, he repeats this message at Danville, Newbury, Norwich, Windsor, and Westminster, and in towns along the way. Every opportunity to ingratiate himself with the people of the state, and to make known his views on the issues facing the country, and his personal advocacy for the interests of Vermont, is taken.

Local Whig organizations take up the task of mobilizing their supporters and bringing the people to their banner. Again, no effort is spared: bonfires, demonstrations, public meetings, and speeches by local orators and public officers all seek to persuade all those persuadable. Adams, his personal character, and his public policies are all loudly acclaimed. It is noted that among the deputies of the National Assembly, he is the firmest friend of liberty and the rights of the New England states: his advocacy for the Bill of Rights, his support for the tariff and the Land Act, his opposition to the Bank, and his distinguished role in pacifying Pennsylvania and restoring her relations to the Union, are repeated with vigor. So too are the Hamiltonians denounced: their 'obnoxious' British sympathies, excessive support for centralization at the expense of the states (and by extension the people), and general lack of honor or principle are widely advertised as evidence that they are but one step from Toryism. The Bank is brought forward as the prime evidence of this, both as evidence for the loathing which they bear for the common man, and their zeal to replicate British institutions and traditions in America. The Hamiltonians, it is said, wish to raise the government above the people, desire rule by an elite aristocracy, and so seek to centralize power in the hands of a few ministers in far-off Baltimore. A Bank located hundreds of miles to their south, whose directors are all chosen by and from the financial elites of New York, and totally unaccountable to the votes of the people or the opinions of the states, cannot be expected to represent the wants and interests of the people of Vermont. The Hamiltonians may call themselves democrats, but in truth they are Tories, seeking to place a Caesar on the throne of America and to do away with elections in favor of dictatorship either by the dollar or the sword.

All manner of activity in the press and the distribution of pamphlets are used to emphasize these points.
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terp40hitch
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« Reply #12 on: August 01, 2018, 06:47:36 PM »

James Gunn's By-Election Campaign Plan

James Gunn believes that Augusta will strongly go for them since they faced no opposition from other factions. Believing Augusta was in the bag, Gunn went to Cumberland and put all his support into Cumberland making sure that they won a national assembly seat and win some of the state legislatures. Gunn mainly went after the Democrat-Republican when campaign for state legislature since Gunn believed that they would split the southern voter. Gunn attacked the Democrat-Republicans, Whigs and James Madison about the unfair and unjust deal in Pennsylvania. Even though South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia weren't having an election yet, Gunn still made sure to visit those states and hammer Mr. Madison to hurt the Democrat-Republicans popularity to make sure that Mr. Madison is a one-term first secretary.
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wxtransit
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« Reply #13 on: August 01, 2018, 07:08:53 PM »
« Edited: August 01, 2018, 07:18:30 PM by wxtransit »

James Madison's Campaign Schedule

When hearing of the start of the election campaigns, Mr. Madison first sent his close ally and apt campaigner Thomas Jefferson to the state of Cumberland to campaign for local Republicans standing in the Assembly. As soon as Jefferson left for Vermont, Madison embarked on a stagecoach journey to Vermont, where he would campaign in both seats for the Republican candidates. Initially stopping in New York to check on the status of office-building and recruitment for the party, Madison took a short tour through the state, conversed with local citizens, met the local Republican deputy in eastern New York, and instructed the party to get involved in local activities and hold fundraisers to boost the Republicans' profile. Mr. Madison left New York State pleased with the growth efforts.

Finally in Vermont, Mr. Madison wasted no time touring through the entire state, meeting with local citizens at every chance and setting up an organized campaign operation for both seats. He spent a few weeks going from town to town up and down the Green Mountains, speaking of the values the Republicans stand for and their tested quality in government. He openly rebuked the Hamiltonians for their federalist tendencies in such a republican-leaning state (small r; in fact the most republican state out of every in New England), and their connection to the monarchist Tories, calling them "completely unfit for Vermont". While Madison canvassed almost every corner of the state, he undoubtedly focused more on the Republican-leaning (capital r) western seat, as opposed to the more Whig-friendly eastern seat, setting up a base of operations in Burlington for his time there. He vigorously campaigned to every small town and every corner of the western seat, speaking of the Republicans' pledge for religious freedom for all, in contrast to the Whigs' anti-papist and anti-Catholic stances. In fact, Mr. Madison drove this point home, even focusing on making speeches in Catholic churches, as the western seat contained the highest percentage of Catholics in Vermont, even containing a plurality in a few counties. Madison believed the number of Catholics and independents that could swing to the Republicans (due to their Republican neighbors in eastern New York and western Massachusetts) enough to be able to carry the western seat in a close race, or even a race not as close, unlike the situation in eastern Vermont. He attacked the Radicals' endorsement of the Whigs, saying "with this endorsement, the Radicals, who fought fiercely against us to resolve the Westsylvania crisis, who persecuted citizens of their free speech, have claimed the Whig candidate as their own. A troubling sign, and a sign you should heed at the polls." Madison, after emphasizing the Republicans' tolerance as opposed to the Whigs' values, also drove home the Republicans' republican values, contrasting their states' rights values with those of the Hamitonians.

Mr. Madison, after spending weeks in town halls, pubs, and churches, talking to as many citizens as he could, wrapped up his campaign with an impassioned speech in the Burlington town center, saying "the Republicans are the only party fit for Vermonters who live west of the Green Mountains. We are the only party that will simultaneously stand in solidarity with your republican views and your right to freedoms to practice all your denominations, uninterpreted, guaranteed by the Declaration of Rights, which the Republicans put to the floor in the National Assembly." Afterwards, he instructed the dozens of local Republican party organizations to hold as many local events, and to spread the word to as many Vermonters, about what the Republicans truly stand for, and why they were the best party for Vermont. The Republicans made it their goal that no venue, how small or big, would lack a republican campaign effort, and that every citizen would hear of the Republicans and be convinced, on the east and the west.

Finally, with only a few weeks left before Mr. Madison needed to return to the National Assembly for First Secretarial duties, he rode down to Virginia, where he firmly denounced James Gunn's attack on the Republicans. Even though there was no campaign in South Carolina, Virginia, and North Carolina, Mr. Madison defended the record of the Republicans, saying "Mr. Gunn, who had little to no experience in the Assembly or leadership, shall render a judgement on the resolution that we took weeks to build? I shall ask the Governor, were you there when we struck the deal? Or better yet, were you there when I could not negotiate that deal initially because of Radical obstruction? I bet not. Because if you were, you would have rendered the same deal as I, or possibly, a deal much worse. While the resolution was not perfect, and every citizen here does recognize that, Mr. Gunn, it certainly prevented our Union from crumbling and a Civil War breaking out! Would you rather we assume state debts - which is another issue entirely, and something that possibly could have happened anyway - and build a canal that benefits us all, or watch the nation burn beneath your feet? I dare you to select the other option. If you do, and you have signaled that intention, it shows your Patriots to be exactly the opposite: schemers who want only the profit off of crises and wait to act only in their interests. They would rather the nation burn before they compromise on a deal! And I know all of you Southerners. You are a very sensible bunch. I trust that you would not make the same error, and instead select the party which puts the South and the Union before themselves. Remember this, and never forget." He rode on through the rest of the states, even entering Georgia and Cumberland, to spread this message, which he found effective.
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Donerail
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« Reply #14 on: August 01, 2018, 08:12:11 PM »

Gen. Wilkinson’s Plans for the Election in Cumberland
Gen. Wilkinson shall travel throughout Cumberland in support of the Western faction and its candidate, emphasizing the faction’s support for Cumberland’s statehood, its defense of individual liberty through the passage of the Declaration of Rights, and its commitment to a stout defense against Indian raids. At several points along the campaign trail, he also made light of the statements made by the Patriot nominee for National Assembly, which amounted to support for abolishing slavery in Kentucky and Virginia.
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Galaxie
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« Reply #15 on: August 01, 2018, 09:43:09 PM »

The Hamiltonian Campaign

Gouverneur Morris will personally visit the state of Vermont during the campaign, emphasizing a few critical points in favour of the Hamiltonian Faction:
-The Hamiltonians have a proven track record of fighting for American defense, both on the battlefield and in the legislative body. Without our National Security Act, which was shunned by most parties before crisis forced them to rush to adopt it, our Nation would be much less safe.
-The Hamiltonians have the most sound fiscal agenda. A nation without vital economic institutions is a nation that cannot grow. No other Faction has been bold or tactful enough to target our growing financial woes, but the Hamiltonians -- through the Coinage Act and Bank Act -- have shown foresight that ensures that new states like Vermont are entering a sound Union. How can The Democratic-Republicans advocate for state's rights when they're willing to saddle them with mountains of debt? A larger government is not a villain when it is a government that protects its states. Madison and Adams' federal government leave states out to dry.
-Hamiltonian leadership is a steady hand and reasoned compromise. As opposed to the unstable Whig and Republican front, whose leadership cannot even control its own Faction members, and is constantly quarreling, the Hamiltonians are a Faction of predictability, discipline, and security. We are keen to fight for solutions that best serve our Nation, and will work with any faction to do so.

Morris, as per usual, showed off his peg leg and met with local leaders and citizens in both formal and informal settings.

Other Hamiltonian officials from all levels of Faction leadership have also descended upon Vermont and Cumberland, encouraging the formation of local Hamiltonian organizations, and holding locally-sponsored events, rallies, and other excitement-building techniques.
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wxtransit
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« Reply #16 on: August 01, 2018, 10:03:53 PM »

James Madison's Final Campaign Efforts, in detail

In the last few days of the campaign, Mr. Madison responded to attacks from both sides, but focused on some of the claims levied by the Hamiltonians. First, he noted that the Hamiltonians say that they were the only faction to raise notice to the debt, but while they have done this, they also have fought for a National Bank in their overzealous efforts to prove their superiority, which most Vermonters vehemently oppose. He also notes that the Hamiltonians' opportunistic attack on the campaign by Whigs and Republicans - and the claim that the Grand Coalition that has worked to keep the nation unified - is completely false in spirit. Mr. Madison noted that it is perfectly normal for allies to campaign against each other, especially in campaigns like this one, and this campaign does not mean that there is less unity in the factions, in fact, it will likely be stronger after this event due to the likely coalition pickups of both seats. He also notes that the Hamiltonians' claim that they protect states' interests is entirely untrue. The Hamiltonians have been a fervent opponent of states' rights from day one, and a shift in that opinion would be most curious, if not opportunistic. He also denounces the Hamiltonians' attacks against the Westsylvanian Resolution by sharing his National Assembly speech to Vermonters and impassionately stating "the Hamiltonians are brave enough to argue, but not brave enough to come up with actual solutions. This party may claim they will stand for Vermont, but their record shows otherwise."

In the last few days of the campaign, Mr. Madison extensively toured parties, events, houses, towns, Catholic churches, other churches, town centers, and small towns in the Western section of Vermont, showing the soles of his worn shoes to Vermonters as he did to Virginians in his first campaign, back in 1789, demonstrating his commitment to Vermont and the United States.
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« Reply #17 on: August 02, 2018, 11:42:58 AM »

After his recent bouts of Madness and complete abandonment of the Principles of the Patriots, William Blount will no longer be the Patriot Candidate for the constituency of Cumberland, and a new candidate for the constituency with due haste.

(Also, if I'm allowed I'd like to kick Blount from the Patriots.)
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terp40hitch
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« Reply #18 on: August 02, 2018, 11:51:09 AM »

Governor Gunn joins with the Patriots and withdrawals their support of William Blount and instead puts all his efforts into keeping the seat in Augusta and winning the Cumberland Governorship
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Unconditional Surrender Truman
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« Reply #19 on: August 02, 2018, 12:26:52 PM »

The Whigs will stand candidates for the Cumberland Legislature. They will focus their campaign in the easternmost counties around Jonesborough, where Quakers and Presbyterians born in the North are a rapidly growing constituency suspicious of the Southern planter class, arguing for the benefits of internal improvements and close economic ties to the North and appealing to a common religious heritage distinct from the Anglican South.
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Lumine
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« Reply #20 on: August 02, 2018, 05:28:23 PM »
« Edited: August 07, 2018, 12:16:32 AM by Lumine »

1791 BY-ELECTIONS

FINAL RESULTS:


NATIONAL ASSEMBLY:

Hamiltonian: 18 (+1)
Democratic Republican: 14
Whig: 12 (+1)
Patriot: 11
Western: 8 (+1)
Radical: 2
Tory: 2
Independent: 1

Government Majority: +4 (36 out of 68 seats)

SENATE:

Hamiltonian: 12 (+2)
Democratic Republican: 7
Whig: 6 (+1)
Patriot: 4
Western: 2 (+1)
Radical: 1

Government Majority: -1 (15 out of 32 seats)

GOVERNORS:

Hamiltonian: 5
Whig: 4 (+1)
Democratic Republican: 3
Western: 2 (+1)
Radical: 1
Patriot: 1

OVERVIEW:

Right at the apparent end of the Westsylvania crisis and the new developing dilemma related to the assumption of the Pennsylvanian state debt and the proposal for a National Bank, the by-elections at the end of 1791 featured harsh infighting between Democratic Republicans, Whigs, Westerners, Patriots and Hamiltonians over four available seats, and while the results showed signs of improvement to the Madison government and its coalition partners it remains clear that the political situation in the United States is highly volatile. The simplest battle was held over James Gunn's Georgia seat, the Patriots fighting a Hamiltonian candidate as the Democratic Republicans chose not to stand.

Rather than a straight fight between both candidates much attention was given to the public fight between Governor Gunn and First Secretary Madison on the issue of debt, one which featured stinging attacks on the Patriots on the Blunt issue and of being unprepared for government, and harsh attacks on the DR's on the issue of debt - as the Pennsylvanian deal grows increasingly unpopular across the South -. Whilst it was generally believed Madison was winning the rhetorical battle, a crucial slip-up emerged as in the Republican Standard the First Secretary seemed to dare disaffected states to rebel, an expression which proved highly controversial. The Patriots defeated the Hamiltonians with more than 70% of the vote, leading a group of prominent Democratic-Republicans in the State Legislature to defect to the Patriots.

Cumberland was expected to be a more or less simple affair on account of the popularity of Mr. Blount, giving the Patriots a key edge over the rising Western faction. It was all to crash in unexpected and spectacular fashion as Mr. Blount's platform called for a series of very radical policies - some of which would have been unaccepted even to the most radical corner of New England - which led to state residents withdrawing their support in shock and disgust, with the Patriots even throwing Blount aboard to run a separate candidate. The resulting disaster - which the Westerners exploited to harm the Patriots across the South - led to a Western landside of 52% (the Hamiltonian candidate on 30%, the Patriot candidate garnering 10% and Mr. Blount 8%), a takeover of the Governorship and a plurality in the State Legislature against strong Hamiltonian and DR contingents (Whigs and Patriots left behind). The divided Legislature ended up electing a Westerner and a Hamiltonian (the Patriot candidate eliminated after the Blount debacle) to the Senate.

Vermont was seen as the largest battleground given the large battle between Democratic-Republicans, Whigs and Hamiltonians (the Tories running in fourth as a mostly symbolic effoort), one which featured significant divisions in a state which, on paper, seemed the most favorable to the pro-government forces in New England. Much like in the battle for Suffolk and Queen's it was believed Mr. Adams and his organization had once again waged the better campaign with their strong rebuke of Madison and the Democratic-Republicans as - among other things - a wasted vote, and yet they had to fight the fact that the Hamiltonian policies were indeed gaining popularity in New England and their own association with a government whose popularity has been on the descent this year. First Secretary Madison himself proved some noteworthy organizational skill by putting up a well-run and initially highly competitive effort with strong attacks on Hamiltonians and Whigs, up to the point in which Madison decided to embrace the Catholic cause to obtain access to their votes.

While successful in the sense that Catholics heavily voted for the DR candidate, the fact that less than a 100 of them resided on Vermont itself dramatically backfired on the First Secretary. The Hamiltonian campaign was seen as less successful than the others, but nonetheless aided by strong press offensives by Mr. Morris, the popularity of General Hamilton and the fact that New England was indeed fertile ground to the Hamiltonians on the debt and National Bank issue. Indeed, the main advantage of the Hamiltonians was that their supporters held the line - for the Tories proved a non-factor - whereas the more "Republican" voters found themselves split between the Whigs and the Democratic-Republicans, Mr. Adams's fiery attacks on the National Bank firing up his base but doing little to bring over "Federalist" votes towards his stance.

In the end, Vert was an indisputable Whig victory as the Hamiltonians and the Democratic-Republicans ended up far behind, and Champlain featured a Hamiltonian victory as the Catholic dilemma dragged the Democratic-Republicans down to second place with the Whigs right on their heels. The new Governor was a staunch Whig, but his Legislature would be divided between Hamiltonians and Whigs and a sizable - but still small - Democratic Republican contingent, with the result of one Hamiltonian and one Whig Senator being sent to Philadelphia right as President Hancock, the National Assembly and the Senate began to move to Baltimore.

As 1792 begins and polarization all but guarantees the creation of organized political parties, the Government has temporarily expanded its majority in the National Assembly.
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