Fair redistricting: New York

[jimrtex]

can i submit the current map as my map?

If you provide the narrative of the creator of that map, and enter it into DRA.

[jimrtex]

Pennsylvania has six multi-county UCC's

Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Allentown
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre
Harrisburg
Bloomsburg



Philadelphia requires six districts to cover, and Pittsburgh requires four. All the others can fit in a single district.

This divides the state into whole-county areas that correspond to a whole number of representatives/districts. There are seven single-district areas, four two-district areas, that require dividing one county, and one three-district areas that require dividing one county twice. Of the 6 county divisions, four are in counties that require division in any case: Philadelphia(2), Montgomery, and Allegheny. Two other county splits are required, they will be made in Northumberland and Berks.

PA-1, PA-2, PA-3 Philadelphia, Delaware. -1.52% each. Two districts will be in Philadelphia and the other will be Delaware with the remainder of Philadelphia (roughly 80% will be in Delaware).

PA-4, PA-5 Montgomery, Bucks. +0.97% One district will be Montgomery and the other will be Bucks plus a sliver of Montgomery. About 8/9 will be in Bucks.

PA-6, PA-7 Chester, Berks, Lancaster. +1.30% This requires one of the three counties to be divided. The preferred split was Berks, which keeps most of PA-6 in the Philadelphia UCC. PA-7 will include Lancaster and the remainder of Berks.

PA-1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are entirely in the Philadelphia UCC. PA-6 covers the remainder of the UCC.

PA-6 also includes a little more than 1/2 of the Reading UCC.
PA-7 covers the Lancaster UCC, plus the remainder of the Reading UCC.

PA-8 -0.15% covers the entire Allentown UCC (and with Carbon is the Pennsylvania portion of the MSA.

PA-9 -0.07% covers the entire Scranton--Wilkes-Barre and East Stroudsburg UCCs.

PA-10 -0.15% is the northeastern part of the state and includes all of the Williamsport and Bloomsburg UCCs.

PA-11 -0.69% is along the Maryland border and includes all of the York, Gettysburg, and Chambersburg UCCs.

PA-12 +0.28% includes all of the Harrisburg and Lebanon UCCs.

PA-13 +0.67% includes all of the State College UCC. Observe the compact Nittany Lion shape.

PA-14 +0.03% in the northwestern part of the state includes all of the Erie and Youngstown (OH) UCCs.

PA-15, 16 Allegheny and Butler counties -0.30%. PA-15 will be entirely in Allegheny, including Pittsburgh; and PA-16 will be the remainder of Allegheny plus Butler. Roughly 3/4 of the district will be in Allegheny, with about 3/7 of the county in PA-16.

PA-17, 18 in the southewestern part of the state -0.22%. PA-17 includes Beaver, Washington, and Fayette in the Pittsburgh UCC, as well as Lawrence and Greene. It will also include about 1/5 of the Northumberland. It is about 80% in the Pittsburgh UCC, it is not fully packed because of the inclusion of Greene (necessary) and Lawrence. PA-18 includes the remainder of Northumberland and four counties to the east.

PA-15, 16, 17, and 18 cover the Pittsburgh UCC. PA-18 also covers both the Altoona and Johnstown UCCs.




This is my final map. Five counties are cut: Philadelphia (2), Allegheny, Montgmery, Berks, and Westmoreland. One city is cut: Philadelphia (2). No wards are cut in Philadelphia.

All UCC's except for Reading are optimally covered. The Reading UCC is split due to the division of Berks. All UCC's are optimally packed except for Pittsburgh and Reading. Two districts are entirely in the UCC. The third is mostly in the UCC, but also includes Greene and Lawrence. Greene must be included in a Pittsburgh district due to its location.

The districts are as equal as practicable, given the Pennsylvania Supreme Court order to not unnecessarily divided counties, cities, wards, etc.



Detail of southwest Pennsylvania, including divisions of Allegheny and Westmoreland counties.



PA-18 Southwest (New Castle, Peters Township (Washington), North Union Township (Fayette)). -0.12%, R+10.92, A 94, B 4, H 1, O 1.

82% of the district is in the Pittsburgh UCC. The district includes a strip of townships along the southern border of Westmoreland. This strip is 16% of the county, and 9% of the district.

PA-17 Allegheny Mountains (Altoona, Hempfield Township (Westmoreland), Johnstown) -0.33%, R+19.29, A 96, B 2, H 1, As 1, O 1.

43% of the district is in the Pittsburgh UCC. The district includes all of the Johnstown and Altoona UCC's. which form 20% and 18% of the district, respectively. The district includes 84% of Westmoreland.

PA-16 North Allegheny-Butler (Penn Hills Township, Ross Township (Allegheny), Cranberry Township (Butler)) -0.25%, R+4.69,  A 89, B 7, As 2, H 1, O 1.

All of the district is in the Pittsburgh UCC. 43% of Allegheny is in the district. Allegheny forms 74% of the district. The district includes all of Allegheny north of the Allegheny and Ohio rivers, except the part of the city of Pittsburgh north of the Allegheny River. The district crosses the Ohio River in the west, and Allegheny River in the east, to slightly surround Pittsburgh.

PA-15 Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, Mount Lebanon Township, Bethel Park) -0.34%, D+11.18, A 80, B 14, As 3, H 2, O 1.

All of the district is in the Pittsburgh UCC. 57% of Allegheny is in the district. The entire district is in Allegheny. The district includes Pittsburgh (43% of the district) and suburbs to the south and southeast.

PA-14 Northwest (Erie, Millcreek Township (Erie), Hermitage Township) +0.03% R+8.40, A 93, B 4, H 2, O 1, As 1.

All of the Erie and Youngstown(OH) UCC's are in the district. These UCC's form 40% and 17% of the district, respectively. Erie forms 40% of the district.

PA-13 Nittany Central (State College, White Township (Indiana), Sandy Township) +0.67%, R+16.15, A 93, B 3, H 2, As 2, O 1

All of the State College UCC is in the district. The UCC (and Centre) form 22% of the district.

PA-12 Harrisburg-Lebanon (Harrisburg, Lower Paxton Township, Hampden Township, Lebanon) +0.28%, R+9.07, A 85, B 7, H 4, As 2, O 1.

All of the Harrisburg and Lebanon UCC's are in the district. The UCC's comprise 71% and 19% of the district respectively.

PA-11 York-South (York, Chambersburg, Gettysburg) -0.69%, R+17.27, A 90, H 4, B 4, As 1, O 1.

All of the York, Chambersburg, and Gettysburg UCC are in the district. York is 62% of the district.

PA-10 Northeast (Williamsport, Bloomsburg, Pottsville) -0.15%. R+17.51, A 94, B 2, H 2, O 1, As 1.

All of the Williamsport and Bloomsburg UCC's are in the district. The UCC's comprise 16% and 12% of the district, respectively. Schuylkill and Lycoming have 21% and 16% of the district respectively. The remaining twelve counties have less than 10% each.

PA-9 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre (Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, Coolbaugh Township) -0.07%, D+0.26, A 87, H 6, B 4, As 2, O 1.

All of the Scranton--Wilkes-Barre and East Stroudsburg UCC are in the district. The UCC's comprise 76% and 24% of the district respectively.  Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Monroe contain 46%, 30%, and 24% of the district, respecively.

PA-8 Allentown-Bethlehem (Allentown, Bethlehem, Penn Forest Township) +0.96%, R+0.83, A 81, H 11, B 4, As 2, O 1.

All of the Allentown-Bethlehem UCC are in the district, and comprise 91% of the district. Lehigh, Northampton, and Carbon contain 49%, 42% and 9% of the district respectively.

Detail of Southeast Pennsylvania showing splits of Berks, Montgomery, and Philadelphia counties.



PA-7 Lancaster-North Berks (Lancaster, Manheim Township (Lancaster), Spring Township (Berks) +1.19%, R+11.37 A 89, H 6, B 3, As 2, O 1.

All of the Lancaster UCC, and 47% of the Reading UCC are in the district. Lancaster comprises 73% of the district and the portion of Berks the remaining 27%. The portion of Berks included in the district is generally north and east of the city of Reading and comprises 47% of the county.

PA-6 Chester-Reading (Reading, Tredyffrin Township, Exeter Township (Berks)) +1.42%, D+1.28 A 80, H 10, B 6, As 3, O 1.

12% of the Philadelphia UCC, and 53% of the Reading UCC are in the district. Chester comprises 70% of the district, and the portion of Berks the remaining 30%. The portion of Berks included in the district includes Reading and areas to its southeast and comprises 53% of the city.

PA-5 Montco (Lower Merion Township, Abington Township (Montgomery), Cheltenham Township) +0.66% D+8.88, A 81, B 9, As 6, H 4, O 1.

The district is entirely in the Philadelphia UCC. The district includes 89% of Montgomery (all except a strip along the Bucks county boundary.

PA-4 Bucks (Bensalem Township, Bristol Township, Middletown Township (Bucks), Northampton Township (Bucks)) +1.29% R+1.73, A 88, As 4, H 4, B 3, O 1.

The district is entirely in the Philadelphia UCC. Bucks is entirely in the district and comprises 87% of the district. The portion of Montgomery in the district comprises 11% of the county, and 13% of the district.

Detail of Philadelphia and Delaware counties.



PA-3 Delco-Southwest Philadelphia (Philadelphia(part), Upper Darby Township, Haverford Township) -1.96% D+15.71 A 64, B 26, As 6, H 3, O 1.

The district is entirely in the Philadelphia UCC. Delaware is entirely in the district and comprises 81% of the district. The portion of Philadelphia in the district is in West Philadelphia, generally south of Market Street, and comprises 9% of the county/city and 19% of the district.

PA-2 North, West, Northwest Philadelphia (Philadelphia (part)) -0.82% D+42.27, B 58, A 24, H 12, As 4, O 2.

The district is entirely in Philadelphia and the Philadelphia UCC, and comprises 46% of the city/county. The district provides the greatest partisan and racial differentiation, and is generally compact.

PA-1 South and Northeast Philadelphia (Philadelphia(part)) -1.77%, D+20.81, A 62, B 17, H 10, As 8, O 1.

The district is entirely in Philadelphia and the Philadelphia UCC, and comprises 45% of the city/county. The district links South and Northeast Philadelphia along the Delaware River.


Partisanship: 5 D, 5 even, 8 R

D+42.27 PA-2 North, West, Northwest Philadelphia
D+20.81 PA-1 South and Northeast Philadelphia
D+15.21 PA-3 Delco-Southwest Philadelphia
D+11.18 PA-15 Pittsburgh
D+ 8.88 PA-5 Montco
=====================================
D+1.28 PA-6 Chester-Reading
D+0.26 PA-9 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre
R+0.83 PA-8 Allentown-Bethlehem
R+1.73 PA-4 Bucks
R+4.69 PA-16 North Allegheny-Butler
=====================================
R+8.40 PA-14 Northwest
R+9.07 PA-12 Harrisburg-Lebanon
R+10.92 PA-18 Southwest
R+11.37 PA-7 Lancaster-North Berks
R+16.15 PA-13 Nittany Central
R+17.27 PA-11 York-South
R+17.51 PA-10 Northeast
R+19.29 PA-17 Allegheny Mountains


Race and Ethnicity (VAP)

18.2% of Pennsylvania VAP is non-white non-Hispanic. These districts have a larger minority population than the state average:

76.0% PA-2 North, West, Northwest Philadelphia
38.1% PA-1 South and Northeast Philadelphia
36.1% PA-3 Delco-Southwest Philadelphia
20.0% PA-6 Chester-Reading
19.6% PA-15 Pittsburgh
19.5% PA-5 Montco
18.5% PA-8 Allentown-Bethlehem

The statewide BVAP is 9.7%. Districts with relatively high BVAP are:

57.9% PA-2 PA-2 North, West, Northwest Philadelphia
26.4% PA-3 Delco-Southwest Philadelphia
17.5% PA-1 South and Northeast Philadelphia
13,5% PA-15 Pittsburgh
8.8% PA-5 Montco
7.2% PA-12 Harrisburg-Lebanon
7.1% PA-16 North Allegheny-Butler
5.7% PA-6 Chester-Reading

The statewide HVAP is 4.6%. Districts with relatively high HVAP are:

12.1% PA-2 North, West, Northwest Philadelphia
11.2% PA-8 Allentown-Bethlehem
10.3% PA-6 Chester-Reading
10.1% PA-1 South and Northeast Philadelphia
6.2% PA-7 Lancaster-North Berks
6.0% PA-9 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre

The statewide Asian VAP is 2.7%. Districts with relatively high Asian VAP are:

8.4% PA-1 South and Northeast Philadelphia
5.8% PA-5 Montco
5.5% PA-3 Delco-Southwest Philadelphia
4.4% PA-4 Bucks
4.0% PA-2 North, West, Northwest Philadelphia

[cvparty]

Could someone explain the areas of concentrated Asian population in Philadelphia?



It appears that there are three areas along the Montco line in northern Philadelphia. I assume that these probably extend into Montco, and  probably represent an upwardly  mobile professionals. Where are the universities. Isn't Temple south of Schuylkill? Where are Penn, LaSalle, Villanova, and St.Joseph's?

There are three small but concentrated areas south of downtown?, and then one just across the river.

Are these mostly Chinese with some Indian?

south philly has a lot of vietnamese people (little saigon)

[Tintrlvr]

Could someone explain the areas of concentrated Asian population in Philadelphia?



It appears that there are three areas along the Montco line in northern Philadelphia. I assume that these probably extend into Montco, and  probably represent an upwardly  mobile professionals. Where are the universities. Isn't Temple south of Schuylkill? Where are Penn, LaSalle, Villanova, and St.Joseph's?

There are three small but concentrated areas south of downtown?, and then one just across the river.

Are these mostly Chinese with some Indian?

UPenn is the concentration just west of the Schuylkill.

[jimrtex]

Could someone explain the areas of concentrated Asian population in Philadelphia?



It appears that there are three areas along the Montco line in northern Philadelphia. I assume that these probably extend into Montco, and  probably represent an upwardly  mobile professionals. Where are the universities. Isn't Temple south of Schuylkill? Where are Penn, LaSalle, Villanova, and St.Joseph's?

There are three small but concentrated areas south of downtown?, and then one just across the river.

Are these mostly Chinese with some Indian?

south philly has a lot of vietnamese people (little saigon)

So #4 is Little Saigon, but also Chinatown.

What are 5 and 6?

3 would be Koreatown?

1 would be Indian, but likely more diverse, and more residential rather than commercial.

7 is Penn, with about 20% Asian student body.

[Strudelcutie4427]

1. R+1 (Bucks) +1358
2. D+39 (West Philly) -248
3. D+34 (Central Philly) -2410
4. D+5 (Montco) -135
5. D+11 (DelCo) +408
6. D+1 (Chester) -280
7. R+1 (Lehigh/Berks/Northampton) +208
8. R+3 (Northeast) +1211
9. R+11 (Wilkes-Barre/Schuylkill) -219
10. R+11 (Harrisburg) -102
11. R+11 (York/Lancaster) +843
12. R+18 (South Central) +/-0
13. R+16 (North Central) -414
14. R+19 (Westmoreland/Cambria) +12
15. D+16 (Pittsburgh) -71
16. R+10 (Southwest) -542
17. R+11 (Northern Allegheny/Butler/Beaver) +368
18. R+9 (Erie/Northwest) +8

[jimrtex]

Could someone use DRA to get the PVI for a district comprised of:

Armstrong, Indiana, Jefferson, Clearfield, Centre, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Snyder, and Northumberland?

No matter what I do, it says R+51.54.

Alternatively, since it is comprised of whole counties, what is the formula for calculating PVI used by DRA?

[cvparty]

Could someone use DRA to get the PVI for a district comprised of:

Armstrong, Indiana, Jefferson, Clearfield, Centre, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Snyder, and Northumberland?

No matter what I do, it says R+51.54.

Alternatively, since it is comprised of whole counties, what is the formula for calculating PVI used by DRA?

are you using the right data set? the second option - "2010 voting districts," not "2010 voting districts (updated by the state)"

[jimrtex]

Could someone use DRA to get the PVI for a district comprised of:

Armstrong, Indiana, Jefferson, Clearfield, Centre, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Snyder, and Northumberland?

No matter what I do, it says R+51.54.

Alternatively, since it is comprised of whole counties, what is the formula for calculating PVI used by DRA?

are you using the right data set? the second option - "2010 voting districts," not "2010 voting districts (updated by the state)"

Why is the second data set the "right" data set?

[cvparty]

Could someone use DRA to get the PVI for a district comprised of:

Armstrong, Indiana, Jefferson, Clearfield, Centre, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Snyder, and Northumberland?

No matter what I do, it says R+51.54.

Alternatively, since it is comprised of whole counties, what is the formula for calculating PVI used by DRA?

are you using the right data set? the second option - "2010 voting districts," not "2010 voting districts (updated by the state)"

Why is the second data set the "right" data set?

bc the precinct data for 2016 isn't matched correctly with the other ones. for example northampton+lehigh is like R+7 in the default set which is totally wrong

[jimrtex]

Could someone use DRA to get the PVI for a district comprised of:

Armstrong, Indiana, Jefferson, Clearfield, Centre, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Snyder, and Northumberland?

No matter what I do, it says R+51.54.

Alternatively, since it is comprised of whole counties, what is the formula for calculating PVI used by DRA?

are you using the right data set? the second option - "2010 voting districts," not "2010 voting districts (updated by the state)"

Why is the second data set the "right" data set?

bc the precinct data for 2016 isn't matched correctly with the other ones. for example northampton+lehigh is like R+7 in the default set which is totally wrong

Are all of the states wrong, or just Pennsylvania?

[catographer]

1st (Bucks county): R+0.87 | VAP white 87.7%
2nd (Cheltenham): D+19.20 | VAP white 68.4%
3rd (Philadelphia): D+37.86 | VAP white 30.5%
4th (Reading): D+2.31 | VAP white 77.6%
5th (west Philadelphia): D+27.92 | VAP white 44.6%
6th (Chester county): D+1.31 | VAP white 85.0%
7th (Allentown): D+0.78 | VAP white 79.5%
8th (Scranton): R+1.82 | VAP white 90.3%
9th (Harrisburg): R+8.66 | VAP white 84.2%
10th (York): R+13.60 | VAP white 90.0%
11th (Lancaster): R+12.56 | VAP white 88.6%
12th (Williamsport): R+18.13 | VAP white 93.9%
13th (Altoona): R+18.65 | VAP white 93.0%
14th (Westmoreland county): R+15.80 | VAP 95.0%
15th (Butler county): R+20.34 | VAP 96.4%
16th (Erie): R+4.94 | VAP 91.8%
17th (north Allegheny): D+6.88 | VAP 80.7%
18th (Washington county): D+1.55 | VAP 88.2%

[Tintrlvr]

1st (Bucks county): R+0.87 | VAP white 87.7%
2nd (Cheltenham): D+19.20 | VAP white 68.4%
3rd (Philadelphia): D+37.86 | VAP white 30.5%
4th (Reading): D+2.31 | VAP white 77.6%
5th (west Philadelphia): D+27.92 | VAP white 44.6%
6th (Chester county): D+1.31 | VAP white 85.0%
7th (Allentown): D+0.78 | VAP white 79.5%
8th (Scranton): R+1.82 | VAP white 90.3%
9th (Harrisburg): R+8.66 | VAP white 84.2%
10th (York): R+13.60 | VAP white 90.0%
11th (Lancaster): R+12.56 | VAP white 88.6%
12th (Williamsport): R+18.13 | VAP white 93.9%
13th (Altoona): R+18.65 | VAP white 93.0%
14th (Westmoreland county): R+15.80 | VAP 95.0%
15th (Butler county): R+20.34 | VAP 96.4%
16th (Erie): R+4.94 | VAP 91.8%
17th (north Allegheny): D+6.88 | VAP 80.7%
18th (Washington county): D+1.55 | VAP 88.2%

This is an interesting approach to SEPA that I haven't seen before. What's the black VAP in 3 and 5?

[cvparty]

Could someone use DRA to get the PVI for a district comprised of:

Armstrong, Indiana, Jefferson, Clearfield, Centre, Huntingdon, Mifflin, Snyder, and Northumberland?

No matter what I do, it says R+51.54.

Alternatively, since it is comprised of whole counties, what is the formula for calculating PVI used by DRA?

are you using the right data set? the second option - "2010 voting districts," not "2010 voting districts (updated by the state)"

Why is the second data set the "right" data set?

bc the precinct data for 2016 isn't matched correctly with the other ones. for example northampton+lehigh is like R+7 in the default set which is totally wrong

Are all of the states wrong, or just Pennsylvania?

just PA

[cvparty]

1st (Bucks county): R+0.87 | VAP white 87.7%
2nd (Cheltenham): D+19.20 | VAP white 68.4%
3rd (Philadelphia): D+37.86 | VAP white 30.5%
4th (Reading): D+2.31 | VAP white 77.6%
5th (west Philadelphia): D+27.92 | VAP white 44.6%
6th (Chester county): D+1.31 | VAP white 85.0%
7th (Allentown): D+0.78 | VAP white 79.5%
8th (Scranton): R+1.82 | VAP white 90.3%
9th (Harrisburg): R+8.66 | VAP white 84.2%
10th (York): R+13.60 | VAP white 90.0%
11th (Lancaster): R+12.56 | VAP white 88.6%
12th (Williamsport): R+18.13 | VAP white 93.9%
13th (Altoona): R+18.65 | VAP white 93.0%
14th (Westmoreland county): R+15.80 | VAP 95.0%
15th (Butler county): R+20.34 | VAP 96.4%
16th (Erie): R+4.94 | VAP 91.8%
17th (north Allegheny): D+6.88 | VAP 80.7%
18th (Washington county): D+1.55 | VAP 88.2%

whoa this map looks really similar to the map i’m gonna submit
I love what you did with Chester+western Delaware it makes so much sense and Reading+north Montco
I would move Pike and Wayne into the 8th tho
also Dauphin+Cumberland

[catographer]

@Tintrlvr
The 3rd is about 60% VAP black, the 5th is about 44% VAP black (same as white).

@cvparty
Thanks, I'd love to see yours too. The shape of southeastern PA was inspired by one of the many maps proposed during the Court redistricting in February. I can't find it right now but it was something made by an academic, not proposed to the Court officially. Also I made a second version that cleaned up some borders and kept a few more townships in tact. I admit that it breaks a lot of counties that it doesn't need to, but it's for the sake of compactness .

[Torie]

Jimrtex didn't post the populations of his CD's in his PA map, but I think they vary by more  than 1%. For example, it seems he has just two CD's filling in Bucks and Montco, which causes a greater variance. There are close to 14,000 too many people from the quota, about twice as many as would allow for just 2 CD's while staying within the population variance limit.

[jimrtex]

Jimrtex didn't post the populations of his CD's in his PA map, but I think they vary by more  than 1%. For example, it seems he has just two CD's filling in Bucks and Montco, which causes a greater variance. There are close to 14,000 too many people from the quota, about twice as many as would allow for just 2 CD's while staying within the population variance limit.

Jimrtex hasn't yet posted the population of his CD's.

Jimrtex will also produce county chop victimization report. I urge others to do the same.

[cvparty]

Jimrtex didn't post the populations of his CD's in his PA map, but I think they vary by more  than 1%. For example, it seems he has just two CD's filling in Bucks and Montco, which causes a greater variance. There are close to 14,000 too many people from the quota, about twice as many as would allow for just 2 CD's while staying within the population variance limit.

Jimrtex hasn't yet posted the population of his CD's.

Jimrtex will also produce county chop victimization report. I urge others to do the same.

hmm loaded language

[jimrtex]

Jimrtex didn't post the populations of his CD's in his PA map, but I think they vary by more  than 1%. For example, it seems he has just two CD's filling in Bucks and Montco, which causes a greater variance. There are close to 14,000 too many people from the quota, about twice as many as would allow for just 2 CD's while staying within the population variance limit.

Jimrtex hasn't yet posted the population of his CD's.

Jimrtex will also produce county chop victimization report. I urge others to do the same.

hmm loaded language

The special master in Pennsylvania produced a split report. It is standard practice.

[jimrtex]

Jimrtex didn't post the populations of his CD's in his PA map, but I think they vary by more  than 1%. For example, it seems he has just two CD's filling in Bucks and Montco, which causes a greater variance. There are close to 14,000 too many people from the quota, about twice as many as would allow for just 2 CD's while staying within the population variance limit.

I have prepared a graphical presentation. Areas of circles are proportional to district population.

[cvparty]

Jimrtex didn't post the populations of his CD's in his PA map, but I think they vary by more  than 1%. For example, it seems he has just two CD's filling in Bucks and Montco, which causes a greater variance. There are close to 14,000 too many people from the quota, about twice as many as would allow for just 2 CD's while staying within the population variance limit.

I have prepared a graphical presentation. Areas of circles are proportional to district population.

this...doesn't help

[jimrtex]

Jimrtex didn't post the populations of his CD's in his PA map, but I think they vary by more  than 1%. For example, it seems he has just two CD's filling in Bucks and Montco, which causes a greater variance. There are close to 14,000 too many people from the quota, about twice as many as would allow for just 2 CD's while staying within the population variance limit.

I have prepared a graphical presentation. Areas of circles are proportional to district population.

this...doesn't help

Can you attempt to explain why you believe it does not contribute to understanding?

[cvparty]

Can you attempt to explain why you believe it does not contribute to understanding?

the populations are roughly the same size, so the circles look identical. you could have a district 5% outside the deviation and most people would not be able to see that from the circles. I think plain numbers would work better.

[jimrtex]

Can you attempt to explain why you believe it does not contribute to understanding?

the populations are roughly the same size, so the circles look identical. you could have a district 5% outside the deviation and most people would not be able to see that from the circles. I think plain numbers would work better.

Do these circles look identical?