To be fair, I do agree that some of your examples aren't examples of cultural appropriation. A Moana costume isn't because it's a costume of a specific Disney character, not a stereotype of Polynesian culture in general. And learning a culture's language is perhaps the opposite of cultural appropriation (since, you know, you're expending lots of efforts in learning the culture, which is the antithesis of cultural ignorance).
But that doesn't mean that cultural appropriation doesn't exist. Exhibit A, the racist sushi chef.
But the article in question was about Moana costumes.