The author assumes that cholos is the term used to designated the indigenous-like mestizos in Costa, but this seems to contradict the fact that Gutiérrez uses it to describe himself despite the fact he lives in Amazonia.
I might be wrong, but perhaps Gutierrez describes himself as cholo in opposition to longos, as an indegenous-like mestizo who is not from La Sierra. Apparently longo means "indian from La Sierra" and stems from the Kichwa word "lungu", meaning "adolescent indian". Pejorative uses: "longo vago (sloth)", "longa sucia (dirty)", "longo engreído (arrogant)". From one of the texts that you linked, it seems that longos have worse reputation than indigenous or cholos, described by interviewed people as rude, uncultured, distrustful, unatracctive, agressive, with inferiority complex, poor and slow...
Great work, btw.
