Populists and conservatives, unlike libertarians and liberals, have nearly identical views on social issues for very similar reasons - moral standards. Libertarians and liberals have similar, but not identical views (i.e. gun control) but for totally different reasons.
Both populists and conservatives supported this, but not every one of either. It is also worth noting that it is rare to see an extreme populist - even in states like West Virginia, most are just as socially conservative as Kentucky state and economically liberal as New York, at most.
While conservatives and populists may take a similiar position on a specific issue, the basis for the position is different and they differ on many other issues.
Let me give you a number of specific areas:
Populists over the course of American history have had wild (emotionally based swings) between 'imperialist' and 'isolationism.' Conservatives by contrast favor a foreign policy based on the twin principles of 'national interest' and 'ethical' conduct.
Populists have over thc course of American history also swung wildly on matters of national defense. Populists for example would favor a 'draft' while conservatives would oppose this (they would quote the thoughts of B.H. Liddell Hart on this matter).
Populists have favored economic policies of redistribution of the wealth, opposed by conservatives.
Populists have favored banning groups and ideas with which they disagree, whereas conservatives prefer to point out the factual errors, fallacies, and unethical basis for ideas/groups with which they disagree.
Populists favor unfettered majority rule, where conservatives prefer a system where government is limited in scope, and a simple majority cannot deprive citizens of their rights.
This is just brief overview of the conceptional differences between conservatives and populists. There are many specific issues on which they disagree, and some issues on which they take the same side (much as the United States was allied with the Soviet Union in World War II) when confronting the forces of marauding liberalism.
