Carter was unpopular with Jews because he wore his evangelical Christianity on his sleeve in a way that was quite unusual at the time.
Check out the ad called "Bible", the one that's third from the left in the Democrat list of videos at the bottom. Having a whole ad
just about your religion so explicitly is rare even for Republicans nowadays.
http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1980I don't think he was perceived as particularly anti-Israel when he was in power; he did after all negotiate a successful deal between Sadat and Begin. And even the religious nutters in Israel don't particularly want the Sinai back.