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Recently, fans of self-driving cars have gotten some good news, followed by bad news. Two self-driving taxi companies were given permission（允许）to develop their work in San Francisco. But a few accidents has led to new worries about how safe the cars actually are.
Cruise and Waymo are two companies that have been developing self-driving taxis, sometimes called “robotaxis” (robot + taxi). Both companies have been testing their cars in San Francisco for years. Until recently, the cars have had a human in the driver’s seat, ready to take over if there was a problem.   
But the newest self-driving cars don’t have anyone in the driver’s seat. They are programmed to do everything on their own, including following the rules of the road and avoiding people and other cars.
Until recently, the robotaxis could only drive in special areas, at certain times. The companies were only allowed to charge（收费）passengers for some of the trips.
But in early August, Waymo and Cruise were given full permission to run their robotaxis in San Francisco. The companies were allowed to run as many driverless cars as they wanted, 24 hours a day. And the companies weren’t required to have safety drivers in their cars.
The move was a big step for self-driving cars, and many people were excited about the change. The new rules also allowed the companies to charge for every ride, which meant that the robotaxis could finally start to make money.
For many people, the problems with the self-driving taxis didn’t come as a surprise. The chief of San Francisco’s fire department says that since May of 2022, there have been over 60 cases where robotaxis interfered（阻碍）with firetrucks. Robotaxis have also blocked city buses and other cars.
Many people believe that self-driving cars aren’t ready for the real world. In one recent example, a self-driving car got stuck in wet cement because it didn’t know that wet cement was different from a road. In another case, a robotaxi killed a dog. The self-driving system knew the dog was there, but didn’t know how to avoid it.
However, both Waymo and Cruise are planning to expand their self-driving car service to other cities. Cruise has plans to bring their robotaxis to at least 15 cities.
Though the self-driving cars is improving, it’s likely to be a while before most people view them as safe.