Mainly cause of the huge crime wave from the 1970s-early 1990s and many republicans grew up then . Also the tough on crime policies of the 1990s worked so that's why they continue to support it .
As for me I support decriminalizing or making drug possession a misdemeanor.
On the idea of giving felons voting rights my answer to that is heck no
What about giving ex-felons their voting rights back? There are plenty of states who make it extremely difficult to get your voting rights back after serving a prison sentence.