Canadian Americans 1930

[King of Kensington]

Canada and Newfoundland foreign stock for selected states (and percentage of state population)

Top 10 states

Massachusetts  746,647  23%
Michigan  500,548  10.3%
New York  350,998  2.8%
California  226,478  4%
Maine  192,904  24.2%
New Hampshire  137,920  29.6%
Illinois  122,705  1.6%
Rhode Island  111,162  16.2%
Washington  104,753  6.7%
Connecticut  97,775  6.1%

By percentage of state population

New Hampshire  137,920  29.6%
Maine  192,904  24.2%
Massachusetts  746,647  23%
Vermont  74,206  20.6%
Rhode Island  111,162  16.2%
Michigan  500,548  10.3%
Washington  104,753  6.7%
Connecticut  97,775  6.1%
North Dakota  40,207  5.9%
Montana  31,665  5.9%

[King of Kensington]

French Canadians

Massachusetts  336,871  7.9%
New Hampshire  101,324  21.8%
Rhode Island  91,173  13.3%
Maine  90,765  11.4%
Michigan  87,911  1.8%
New York  83,057  0.7%
Connecticut  67,130  4.2%
Vermont  46,956  13.1%

Newfoundlanders

Massachusetts  21,847  0.5%
New York  10,354  (less than 0.1%)

Not sure if "Canada - French" = Quebec or if it's determined by mother tongue.

[King of Kensington]

Boston was the "big city" for Maritimers pre-WWII.  I believe the Bruins are still the most popular NHL team in the region and that the Red Sox have a bigger following than the Blue Jays.

Generally New England was the destination for immigrants from Quebec, the Maritimes and Newfoundland, while Ontarians often went to Michigan and spread westward from there.

[King of Kensington]

That's the last time I will comment on sports.

[King of Kensington]

Some interesting data on Maritimers here.  The 1870 and 1880 censuses had data for provinces.

While a majority from all three Maritime provinces were in Massachusetts and Maine, Mass. was the destination for half or more for those from Nova Scotia and PEI, with few going to Maine.  One third of those from New Brunswick were in Maine, outnumbering those in Mass.

https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/Acadiensis/article/download/11407/12157

[King of Kensington]

From the 1931 Canadian census.

Born in Newfoundland:  26,410

Nova Scotia  11,569
Ontario  6,076
Quebec  4,330

The largest concentration of Newfoundlanders was Cape Breton where 6,970 lived (7.5% of the population).  Sydney had 2,166 (9.4%).  Halifax (2,598), Montreal (2,278) and Toronto (2,784) had similar numbers.  

Born in Maritimes

Ontario  21,329 (11,739 in Nova Scotia, 7,939 in New Brunswick, 1,651 in PEI)
Quebec  18,881 (11,499 in New Brunswick, 6,418 in Nova Scotia, 964 in PEI)

Montreal  8,258 (4,305 in New Brunswick, 3,512 in Nova Scotia, 441 in PEI)
Toronto  5,233 (2,960 in Nova Scotia, 1,876 in New Brunswick, 397 in PEI)

Ontario and Quebec had similar numbers of Maritimers, though Quebec drew more from New Brunswick and Ontario from Nova Scotia/PEI.

[King of Kensington]

US-born population, 1931

Alberta  78,959  10.8%
Saskatchewan  73,008  7.9%
Ontario  72,525  2.1%
Quebec  49,406  1.7%
British Columbia  34,706  5%
Manitoba  17,903  2.6%
New Brunswick  8,794  2.2%
Nova Scotia  7,222  1.4%

English mother tongue among US-born

British Columbia  88.6%
Nova Scotia  88.5%
Ontario  82.8%
Alberta  75.9% (10% German, 9% Scandinavian languages)
New Brunswick  67.6% (31% French)
Manitoba  65.8% (10% French, 9% German, 8% Scandinavian languages)
Saskatchewan  61% (16% Scandinavian languages, 15% German)
Quebec  30.5% (64% French)

I didn't bother with PEI and the territories.

[King of Kensington]

In addition to Maritimers and Quebecers in New England and of Ontarians in Michigan, you can sort of see an extension of the Dakotas in the Prairie provinces.