1. America and Israel's interests do not differ in this situation.
The biggest actual threat to American strategic interests in the Middle East is ISIS, which Iran opposes.
The biggest perceived threat to Israeli strategic interests in the Middle East is Iran.
It does not make sense for the US to relentlessly isolate and punish Iran at this time. It would be as though Winston Churchill came to America and warned us not to work with the Soviet Union to defeat fascism because they were totalitarian communists.
This is one of those messy, Kissingeresque "enemy of my enemy is my friend" moments - for the US, not Israel, because Israel literally doesn't have any friends except the United States (and whose fault is that?).
The fact that you really, truly believe that Iran would actually preemptively attack Israel even if it did obtain nuclear weapons is proof of how full you are of that Likudnik Kool-Aid.
Exactly. Look at this map. Hardly any relevant countries don't have embassies with Iran. The USA, Egypt, Israel, and Canada are the only that would really stand out if you were to plot GDP vs. distance.