I'm a big believer in the principle of the social contract. Specifically, I believe that in a free society where one can emigrate freely that staying as a citizen and living in your country implies consent to being governed by it. Along with this goes responsibility to defend it.
I am as well, interestingly enough, but I reckon the disconnect there concerns how much binding force the contract ought to have. My position is that any individual can withdraw their consent to be governed at any time, assuming she or he is ready to accept the consequences. Likewise, I think the state is also entitled to terminate the social contract - but in most instances feel such an offense would warrant either a strong electoral or outright revolutionary response on the the part of the People, depending on what sort of events are transpiring. From my perspective, a defense of the state requires that each individual is willing to renew the contract even if their enlistment in the military is tacitly called for in the revised set of terms they are signing off on.
In some instances (and I know I'm not alone in having this attitude) there can easily come a point at which the state's demands in the contract are too steep. In such cases, government can either yield to the People's preferences or accept that many of us will begin to say, "No."
Of course you're entirely right; volunteers are in every way preferable to draftees, but its always possible to consider a scenario where a draft is called for. Heck, a draft would probably call attention to those civil rights issues that you mentioned and galvanize the public into confronting the necessity of the war in the first place.
But that's the thing... I never really consider war to be a necessity. War is an option, without exception. World War II is the only conflict the United States has been a participant in that I can think of where the draft would have seemed tempting. And even then it would have been a temporary authoritarian gesture in combat of the risk of a totalitarian outcome. Then again, I suspect there would have been a helluva lot of volunteers in the event of an Axis landfall in the continental United States - certainly enough to carry the day, I suspect, though perhaps not enough to subsequently take the fight back to the Old World.
That is not to suggest you are not making a decent argument here. The impasse is a lot more values-based than it is a matter of ones analytical thinking or good intentions being in doubt.
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