It sounds like it, but I'm not so sure. What was the state of Jewish views of the afterlife at the time? It wouldn't really apply if they believed mainly in Sheol, since Sheol doesn't really discriminate 
That's beyond my knowledge though.
Sheol was a very widespread belief, most common among the Sadducees. Other beliefs that also appeared included resurrection at the eschaton among the Pharisees (the very very earliest Christians now often being classified as a subsect of Pharisees in historiography of the early Church) and Neoplatonic-style immortality of the soul among the Essenes.
Poll
