No, but they shouldn’t have any way to enforce rules on private property. All they should be able to do is maintain the community’s common areas and nothing else. Shovel the sidewalks, mow the park’s grass, and GTFO.
They can fine those who breaks the rules, and keep adding interest if no payment. When the amount is large enough, they can sue.
HOAs are awful, but people who move into gated communities tend to have less regard for "live and let live". They want conformity and they are concerned with their own property values.
I will never live in a community with an HOA if I can possibly avoid it. I already am reluctant to live in an area that is an incorporated city. The rules and regs can become downright onerous.
This. People have the right to choose to live in a community that mutually decides what can and can't happen on and within view of their properties in much greater detail than the government can. As long as there are plenty of other places to live and they aren't violating civil rights law, who cares?