Which current districts are VRA districts? 23, 27, 28 are R+4, R+2, R+0 in PVI - does that mean they're not?
They all are. Their PVI is deceptive and somewhat irrelevant, since PVI only measures Presidential vote and includes Bush's overperformance in South Texas. They usually elect Democrats to Congress (two of them not this year, but that's unimportant--what matters is that they routinely elect the preferred minority-group candidate in most years; occasional hiccups like Cao in LA-02 are acceptable).
Also, TX-23 was drawn by the courts to minimally disrupt the rest of the map to undo part of the Perrymander that diluted Hispanic voting power too much. It is therefore probably the absolute most Republican any court would allow a VRA district to be, and on this year's results might be considered still a VRA violation by a court reanalyzing the issue.
Wait, come to think of it TX-23 had a Republican representative between 1994 and 2006. Doesn't that by definition make it a non-VRA District?
