1. You punish people for being successful.
So you consider than succes=money ? In the perfect world it would certainly be so, in the perfect world of Adam Smith when private interests always cause the greatest good possible. In our world it isn't so. And anyways I DON'T
PUNISH THEM. Taw is not a punishment, but the contribution anyone should give to the common interest.
Don't worry, people won't stop to be ambitious just because they will give 60% of their income to the State instead of 50%. When you are so rich, those numbers don't mean anything, except if you are Oncle Scrooge.
Who else does ? The State. How do you finance the State ?
Charity doesn't solve social problem. It can act in the short term and the most desperate cases. Plus, charities make people feel indebted for what they received, whereas a decent life should be a right.
Same answer than question 3.
LOL.