Which was a bigger factor in Biden's win?

[Motorcity]

Mostly 1 and 3, with a hint of four

For point 1: Trump's narrow win in 2016 showed that elections do matter and every vote counts. This made a lot of Democrats who stay home to come out and vote. It also made a lot of people who voted third party in 2016 to come to their senses and vote Democrat.

For point 3: Biden's improvements with suburban moderates and independents are clearly seen in exit polls


I think number 2 is just silly. I like Biden but there wasn't any Democrat who was like "normally I wouldn't come out and vote but since Biden is the nominee I will". Biden didn't energize any Democrat just for him. Biden was chosen because he was the smart choice for nominee, not because folks who normally don't vote fell in love with him. To clarify, I am not talking about suburban wine moms who voted for Biden but wouldn't have voted for Bernie/Warren in fear of more taxes. These wine moms are former republicans.