I do believe rural residents should relocate to urban areas if they can (both for economic and environmental purposes)
Really? I find it very disturbing that large swathes of Western countries are turning into depopulated wastelands as population increasingly concentrates into a few gigantic metropolises. It doesn't strike me as a sustainable trend at all (think of skyrocketing housing prices, urban sprawl.I find it disturbing only insofar as that is occurring without any adequate long-term vision to shape policy responses to these positive trends. What's wrong with depopulation of vast swaths of land? Those areas could be converted into greater forest coverage, wildlife sanctuaries, productive farmland, or some other societal or ecological positive, rather than letting dilapidated homes stand and shuttered factories rust.
Increased urbanization is a good thing as well; if coupled with policies, such as those implemented in Tokyo, that disregard the protestations of homeowners to build additional housing projects, construct more skyrises for low income and working class families, develop 21st century green public transportation systems, tackle property speculation and purchases by wealthy foreign buyers, and eliminate the 1950s American ideal of a large single-family house in the suburbs, while implementing rent controls and dramatically expanding public housing (along with options for workers to buy low-cost public housing), most of the problems associated with skyrocketing urban living costs would be eliminated.
Those are all tall tasks and quite fantastical from the viewpoint of a deadlocked American government and disproportionate rural and suburban influence over politics, but they're all perfectly legitimate and effective responses to our problems.