buritobr
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« on: June 03, 2018, 08:49:33 PM » |
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Getúlio Vargas, president of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and from 1951 to 1954
He became the president of Brazil after the Revolution of 1930, in which the coffee oligarchs of the state of Săo Paulo were ousted. Vargas decided to support industrialization. In the early years, he looked like a progressive.
But then he had sympathy for fascist ideas. Brazilian government had very good relations with Italy and Germany in the 1930s. There was a bilateral trade agreement with nazi Germany. When there was a failed communist plot in 1935, Vargas' political police had support of the Gestapo in order to identify Olga Benario, a german jewish communist who participated in the plot. She was sent back to Germany.
Until 1937, Vargas had very good relations with the "integralistas", the Brazilian fascists. But then he broke with them. In 1938, there was a failed integralista plot.
When the war started in 1939, Vargas was already becoming more distant to Hitler and Mussolini and closer to Franklin Roosevelt. It was much better to have the USA as an ally. In 1942, Brazil broke diplomatic ties with the Axis and started supporting the war effort of the USA. So, German U-boats destroyed Brazilian ships in the south Atlantic. Because of that, Brazil declared war against the Axis in 1942. In 1944, Brazil sent the Expeditionary Force in order to fight against italians fascists and germans in Italy. In 1945, all communist political prisioners were released and the Communist Party became legal again. Vargas scheduled presidential election for December 1945, and the communists supported that Vargas could be allowed to run for "reelection". But at October 1945, Vargas was ousted by conservative generals of the army.
Getúlio Vargas was elected president in 1950. In that year, he was the leader of the Labour Party (PTB). So, Vargas was a quasi-fascist dictator in mid 1930s and a labour democratic elected president in the early 1950s.
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