Our culture is hard to explain. My view is that most people aren't conservatives and we view conservatives as a minority group. The thing though is that of the non-conservative majority, MANY are economic centrists and not leftists. Most non-immigrants are center-left or left on social issues, at least compared to Americans. Most people like our laws on healthcare, guns and gay rights, and don't even view them in left/right contexts.
That may be true in Ontario, but folks in Western Canada would have no qualms calling themselves "conservatives" would they?
Also, most of what you describe would seem to be a political difference (i.e., differences in how issues are framed and discussed) rather than a true
cultural difference between Canada and the United States. IMO, the cultural heritage of the U.S. and Canada is the most similar of any two countries in the world. What say you?