I've only ever heard them referred to as twin and full, never as single and double.
I usually use a full-size bed. My two other bedrooms have a twin and a queen, respectively, and I sleep in each on occasion.
Same here, I've never heard them called single or double. I've always heard twin and full. I sleep on full at the house, but when I sleep at my mother's it's a twin daybed style, and at my grandmother's it's a queen.
I would love to have a queen size bed in my room, but there's really not enough room without swallowing the room whole.