Politicians who led diffrent countries

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Obviously I'm not talking about monarchs that ruled over more than our country due to personal unions (quite common in earlier ages, with current example being Elizabeth II, ruling over the Commonwealth realms) or those like President of the French Republic, who's ex officio the Co-Prince of Andorra.


Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski: de facto Prime Minister of the Imperial Russia (1804-1806) and President of the National Government of the Congress Poland during the November Uprising (1830-1831)

Simon Bolivar: President of Colombia (1819-1830), Peru (1824-1826) and Bolivia (1825-1826)

Antonio José de Sucre: President of Bolivia (1826-1828) and Peru (1823)

Vaclav Havel: President of Czechoslovakia (1989-1992) and Czech Republic (1993-2003)

Stjepan Mesić President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1991) and and President of Croatia (2000-2010)

Robert Kocharyan: President of Nagorno-Karabakh, largely unrecognized breakaway state (1994-1997), and President of Armenia (1998-2008)


That's all I can think of without browsing the wiki.

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Christ, people...

I'm not sure if this really counts, but Ian Smith could arguably be said to have governed two countries i.e. the Dominion of Southern Rhodesia and then the unrecognized Republic of Rhodesia.

Still the same Rhodesia. I was addressing diffrent countries, not diffrent systems.

You can say Wojciech Jaruzelski led two "different" countries, having been President of the People's Republic of Poland and then, after constitutional changes, President of the Republic of Poland. But it's still the same country.

Didn't a couple former U.S. presidents become members of the Confederate Senate? Not sure if that counts.

The hell, man?

The topic is "led diffrent countries", not "hold offices in diffrent countries".

Had Tyler became President of the Confederate States, that would be a case.

Bernadotte could technically be considered such.  He was the Prince of Ponte Corvo and had to give that up when he became the Crown Prince of Sweden.

Well, I wanted to explicitly exclude monarchs, but mentioned only personal union.

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Great list, Sir John Johns.

William Walker: President of short-lived, unrecognized Republics of Lower California (1853-1854) and Sonora (1854), then President of Nicaragua (1856-1857)

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Maybe Napoleon Bonaparte?
I explain, when he was exiled the first time, he didn't led France and other countries anymore, but he led Elba.

Elba was a country?

Napoleon wasn't just exiled to there, but was sovereign of the island.  Napoleon even got to design Elba's new flag:

One of my favorite trivias

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There were some past governors general of Canada that were governors general of other countries as well, but I'm not sure that counts, and I don't want to list them for fear Kalwejt will yell at me

That's a very good example, considering Dominions were no longer colonies and Governors became pretty much effective head of states