By all indications, Duggan doesn't appear to be interested in jumping in.
I would be shocked if Duggan has a higher name recognition than Whitmer. Whitmer has been around for years and almost certainly is more well known in Michigan.
As for why Duggan is doing so much better than Whitmer, best guess is that he's gaining from the shine of Detroit's bounce back, while Whitmer might have a little "been around too long" syndrome.
I'm a huge fan of Duggan; all signs point to him not running, but this poll could encourage him to take the leap.
Honestly, I'm not that surprised that Duggan is a better known that Whitmer. Being Mayor of Detroit carries a lot of attention, while despite being the former Democratic leader in the State Senate, Whiter is still just a state senator. Though it is a moot point because as you said, Duggan most likely isn't running.